Iran Daily April 26, 2006 Healthy Bones Robo-Turtle Answers Flippery Questions
There are more than 200 bones in the body. Their strength, den- cially vitamin D, magnesium and phosphorous. These are abundant in
sity and mobility are vital to enable physical movement and pro-
nuts, seeds, soya produce and wholegrains.
* Include lots of phytoestrogens in your diet. These plant oestrogens
Lack of exercise, poor diet, and hormonal and genetic factors can all
help to slow bone loss and are found in soya produce, sesame, sun-
affect bone strength and contribute to bone thinning, known as osteo-
flower and pumpkin seeds, chickpeas, linseeds, alfalfa and the herb
tal questions about how prehistoric beasts
porosis. So bbc.co.uk has come up with some useful tips for having
* If you're taking a calcium supplement, take it in the evening.
* Eat a diet high in calcium, which is found in nuts, seeds, soya pro-
Calcium has a soporific effect and the uptake of calcium into the
when it is best to swim with four flippers
duce, wholegrains, vegetables, fish and dairy produce.
ocean robots, with flippers. "The thinking
* Increase your intake of essential fatty acids (EFAs) as these facili-
* Get regular exposure to sunlight. This increases production of vita-
is that if nature did it, it must be good,"
tate calcium absorption and may slow down calcium excretion and
Madeleine is similar in size and weight to
bone loss. EFAs are found in oily fish and various nut and seed oils.
* Take regular weight-bearing exercise. Walking, skipping, swim-
* Limit your intake of fizzy drinks, tea, coffee, sugar and bran, which
ming, rebounding, racket sports and jogging are ideal.
* Don’t drink alcohol and stop smoking, as both contribute to nutri-
* Calcium absorption requires the presence of other minerals, espe-
with different forms of flipper propulsion.
depending on how hard it is working. Universal Self-Destructing Comet
the same stiffness as a real turtle's, but are
To Flash Close By Light Source
percent less space using four flippers, and
Pinned Down
could reach a cruising speed of 0.7 meters
per second 20 percent faster by using two.
HIV Drug Creates Resistance
We live in a universe filled with light, but
astronomers have long wondered howmuch of the light comes from visible stars
and galaxies, and how much of it is near-infrared
afterglow leftover from the early days of the uni-
Now, a team of researchers led by scientists at the
Max Planck Institut has developed a way to tease
apart these two types of light, writes space.com.
The universe's near-infrared light comes from a com-
bination of observable galaxies and stars and also very
ancient objects like the first stars ever formed. The sum
of this light, which is the light emitted from all objects
throughout the universe's history, is called the extra-
In addition, "foreground light" is emitted by dust in
the solar system, which radiates light in the same
wavelength and makes it difficult for scientists to
figure out how much light comes from each source.
The trick is to measure the star light in the space
between galaxies, where there is no foreground light. pass. The Hubble and
The researchers looked at the emission from two
blazer galaxies roughly two billion light-years from
Comet 73P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 3 is breaking up and will
Earth. Blazars produce high-energy radiation from
make a close approach to Earth beginning 12 May.
The gamma rays produced by blazers become
Senses Explained
slightly dimmed as they make their way to Earth.
The researchers installed four large telescopes in the
By Mathematical Model
grasslands of Namibia in 2004 to these detect faint
flashes of blue light emitted when high-energy
Since then, they have accumulated over 80 hours of
observation on the two blazars. By considering the
maximum possible brightness of each blazar, the
researchers were able to estimate the dimming of
Knowing the amount of dimming makes it possible
for scientists to estimate the EBL between the blazar
and Earth and thus figure out the amount of starlight.
Through this process, the study concludes that most
"excitable elements," such as neu-
of the EBL comes not from the earliest stars but from
the local galaxies, a group of about 30 galaxies that
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Anew study finds that the supermassive black
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Probiotics may help ease gut disorders linked to long-
term stress such as Crohn's disease, a research sug-gests.
as one of these black holes, you could get about a bil-
A team at Canada's McMaster University analyzed gut
lion miles out of a gallon of gas," said study team leader
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tissue taken from rats put in stressful situations. Animals
Steve Allen of the Kavli Institute for Particle
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According to bbc.co.uk, chronic stress is known to be
affect the galaxies where they make their homes,
implicated in the development of irritable bowel syn-
drome and in the worsening of symptoms of inflammato-
Black holes are regions of space where gravity is so
ry bowel disease, such as Crohn's and ulcerative colitis. It
strong that matter and light can't escape once they pass
also sensitizes the gut, producing allergies to certain food-
the event horizon, a spherical boundary surrounding the
The researchers designed their experiments to try to pro-
However, inflowing matter that hasn't yet passed this
duce psychological stress in rats similar to that seen in
point of no return can —through friction and interaction
humans. This was done by placing the animals on small
with the black hole's strong magnetic field —release
energy in the form of either diffuse light or focused jets
Half the rats were fed drinking water containing probi-
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otic bacteria in the form of Lactobacillus helveticus and
"Once gas comes within a distance about a million
Lactobacillus rhamnosus for a period of seven days
times larger than the event horizon of the black hole, it
becomes gravitationally captured," Allen explained. aba_realestate@yahoo.com
Analysis showed that exposure to stress made the ani-
"At this point the gas becomes fuel for the black hole
mals' guts 'leaky', and increased the amount of potentially
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harmful bacteria sticking to the cells lining the gut wall.
The new study looked at nine supermassive black
Harmful bacteria were also detected in the mesenteric
holes at the centers of elliptical galaxies; each one was
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lymph nodes, which drain fluid coming from the intestine,
about a billion times more massive than our Sun. The
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indicating that bacteria had entered the body and activat-
black holes were relatively old and generated much less
energy than the fiercely luminous and rapidly growing
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However, probiotic treatment minimized the changes in
supermassive black holes known as “quasars."
chemical signaling and prevented bacterial 'stickiness'
The researchers found that these "quiet" black holes
and movement to the mesenteric lymph nodes.
released about 1,000 times more energy as jets than as
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The researchers believe that probiotics probably com-
light. The reasons for this are still unclear.
pete for space with harmful bacteria, helping to dampen
Most of the energy in the jets is being emitted as radio
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waves, but in at least one of the black holes studied, the
They say their use offers a potentially promising
energy was in the form of more energetic X-rays. The
approach to the management of intestinal problems
energy in these jets is absolutely huge, about a trillion
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