Clinical Practice Guideline For Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction
In Patients With Chronic Spinal Cord Injury
Tsai SJ, Ting H, Ho CC, Bih LI. Use of sonography and radioisotope renography to diagnose hydronephrosis in patientswith spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 82: 103-106, 2001
Morcos SK, Thomas DG. A comparison of real-time ultrasonography with intravenous urography in the follow-up ofpatients with spinal cord injury. Clin Radiol 39: 49-50, 1988
Comarr AE, Peha LJ. Further cinecystourethrography studies among spinal cord injury patients. Urol Int 29: 34-37,1974
Yokoyama O, Hasegawa T, Ishiura Y, Ohkawa M, Sugiyama Y, Izumida S. Morphological and functional factorspredicting bladder deterioration after spinal cord injury. J Urol 155: 271-274, 1996
Schurch B, Yasuda K, Rossier AB. Detrusor bladder neck dyssynergia revisited. J Urol 152: 2066-2070, 1994
Hackler RH, Hall MK, Zampieri TA. Bladder hypocompliance in the spinal cord injury population. J Urol 141: 1390-1393, 1989
Karol JB, Anderson RU. Evaluation of synchronous water cystosphincterometry with the membrane catheter in spinalcord injury. J Urol 123: 907-911, 1980
Mayo ME, Kiviat MD. Increased residual urine in patients with bladder neuropathy secondary to suprasacral spinal cordlesions. J Urol 123: 726-728, 1980
Perlow DL, Diokno AC. Cystometric and perineal electromyography in spinal cord-injured patients. Urology 15: 432-433, 1980
Heering H, Palmtag H, Paeslack V. The significance of bladder capacity under aspect of continence and micturition inneurogenic bladder dysfunction. Urol Int 33: 310-315, 1978
Yalla SV, Rossier AB, Fam B. Vesicourethral pressure recordings in the assessment of neurogenic bladder functions inspinal cord injury patients. Urol Int 32: 161-175, 1977
Abrams P, Cardozo L, Fall M, Griffiths D, Rosier P, Ulmsten U, van Kerrebroeck P, Victor A, Wein A. Thestandardisation of terminology of lower urinary tract function: Report from the Standardisation Sub-committee of theInternational Continence Society. Neurourol Urodyn 21: 167-178, 2002
Weld KJ, Dmochowski RR. Effect of bladder management on urological complications in spinal cord injured patients. J Urol 163: 768-772, 2000
Chang SM, Hou CL, Dong DQ, Zhang H. Urologic status of 74 spinal cord injury patients from the 1976 Tangshanearthquake, and managed for over 20 years using the Credé maneuver. Spinal Cord 38: 552-554, 2000
Smith PH, Cook JB, Rhind JR. Manual expression of the bladder following spinal injury. Paraplegia 9: 213-218, 1972
Bennett CJ, Young MN, Adkins RH, Diaz F. Comparison of bladder management complication outcomes in femalespinal cord injury patients. J Urol 153: 1458-1460, 1995
Weld KJ, Graney MJ, Dmochowski RR. Differences in bladder compliance with time and associations of bladdermanagement with compliance in spinal cord injured patients. J Urol 163: 1228-1233, 2000
Kuhn W, Rist M, Zaech GA. Intermittent urethral self-catheterisation: long term results bacteriological evolution,continence, acceptance, complications . Paraplegia 29: 222-232, 1991
Ogawa T. Bladder deformities in patients with neurogenic bladder dysfunction. Urol Int 47 Suppl : 59-62, 1991
Hill VB, Davies WE. A swing to intermittent clean self-catheterisation as a preferred mode of management of theneuropathic bladder for the dextrous spinal cord patient. Paraplegia 26: 405-412, 1988
Takahashi K, Iwatsubo E, Tanaka M. Evaluation of self-catheterization for chronic neurogenic bladder
spinal cord injuries. Jpn J Urol 79: 136-142, 1988
Cardenas DD, Mayo ME. Bacteriuria with fever after spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 68: 291-293, 1987
McGuire EJ, Savastano JA. Long-term followup of spinal cord injury patients managed by intermittent catheterization. J Urol 129: 775-776, 1983
Nanninga JB, Wu Y, Hamilton B. Long-term intermittent catheterization in the spinal cord injury patient. J Urol 128:760-763, 1982
Maynard FM, Diokno AC. Clean intermittent catheterization for spinal cord injury patients. J Urol 128: 477-480, 1982
Haferkamp A, Staehler G, Gerner HJ, Dörsam J. Dosage escalation of intravesical oxybutynin in the treatment ofneurogenic bladder patients. Spinal Cord 38: 250-254, 2000
Pannek J, Sommerfeld HJ, Botel U, Senge T. Combined intravesical and oral oxybutynin chloride in adult patients withspinal cord injury. Urology 55: 358-362, 2000
Stohrer M, Madersbacher H, Richter R, Wehnert J, Dreikorn K. Efficacy and safety of propiverine in SCI-patientssuffering from detrusor hyperreflexia
a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Spinal Cord 37: 196-200, 1999
Vaidyananthan S, Soni BM, Brown E, Sett P, Krishnan KR, Bingley J, Markey S. Effect of intermittent urethralcatheterization and oxybutynin bladder instillation on urinary continence status and quality of life in a selected group ofspinal cord injury patients with neuropathic bladder dysfunction. Spinal Cord 36: 409-414, 1998
Swierzewski SJ 3rd, Gormley EA, Belville WD, Sweetser PM, Wan J, McGuire EJ. The effect of terazosin on bladderfunction in the spinal cord injured patient. J Urol 151: 951-954, 1994
Gotoh M, Yoshikawa Y, Otani T, Kato T, Kobayashi M, Kato K, Saito M, Kondo A, Miyake K. Effects of alpha-1-blocking agent in the treatment of detrusor sphincter dyssynergia. Jpn J Urol 81: 1877-1883, 1990
Okamura K, Takamatsu T, Koyanagi T. Management of chronic spinal cord injury patients with prazosin. Jpn J Urol74: 1621-1626, 1983
Biering-Sørensen F, Nielans HM, Dørflinger T, Sørensen B. Urological situation five years after spinal cord injury. Scand J Urol Nephrol 33: 157-161, 1999
Cardenas DD, Hooton TM. Urinary tract infection in persons with spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 76: 272-280, 1995
Sotolongo JR Jr, Koleilat N. Significance of asymptomatic bacteriuria in spinal cord injury patients on condom catheter. J Urol 143: 979-980, 1990
Stover SL, Lloyd LK, Waites KB, Jackson AB. Urinary tract infection in spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 70:47-54, 1989
Høiby N. Ecological antibiotic policy. J Antimicrob Chemother 46 Suppl. S1 : 59-62, 2000
Biering-Sørensen F, Bagi P, Høiby N. Urinary tract infections in patients with spinal cord lesions: treatment andprevention. Drugs 61: 1275-1287, 2001
Castello T, Girona L, Gomez MR, Mena Mur A, Garcia L. The possible value of ascorbic acid as a prophylactic agentfor urinary tract infection. Spinal Cord 34: 592-593, 1996
Jepson RG, Mihaljevic L, Craig J. Cranberries for preventing urinary tract infections. Cochrane Database of SystematicReviews. Issue 2, 2000
Nomura S, Ishido T, Teranishi J, Makiyama K. Long-term analysis of suprapubic cystostomy drainage in patients withneurogenic bladder. Urol Int 65: 185-189, 2000
MacDiarmid SA, Arnold EP, Palmer NB, Anthony A. Management of spinal cord injured patients by indwellingsuprapubic catheterization. J Urol 154: 492-494, 1995
Chao R, Clowers D, Mayo ME. Fate of upper urinary tracts in patients with indwelling catheters after spinal cord injury. Urology 42: 259-262, 1993
Noll F, Russe O, Kling E, Botel U, Schreiter F. Intermittent catheterisation versus percutaneous suprapubic cystostomyin the early management of traumatic spinal cord lesions. Paraplegia 26: 4-9, 1988
Jacobs SC, Kaufman JM. Complications of permanent bladder catheter drainage in spinal cord injury patients. J Urol119: 740-741, 1978
Fontaine E, Hajri M, Rhein F, Fakacs C, Le Mouel MA, Beurton D. Reappraisal of endoscopic sphincterotomy for post-traumatic neurogenic bladder: a prospective study. J Urol 155: 277-280, 1996
Noll F, Sauerwein D, Stohrer M. Transurethral sphincterotomy in quadriplegic patients: long-term-follow-up. Neurourol Urodyn 14: 351-358, 1995
Vapnek JM, Couillard DR, Stone AR. Is sphincterotomy the best management of the spinal cord injured bladder? J Urol151: 961-964, 1994
Barton CH, Khonsari F, Vaziri ND, Byrne C, Gordon S, Friis R. The effect of modified transurethral sphincterotomy onautonomic dysreflexia. J Urol 135: 83-85, 1986
Chartier-Kastler EJ, Thomas L, Bussel B, Chancellor MB, Richard F, Denys P. A urethral stent for the treatment ofdetrusor-striated sphincter dyssynergia. BJU Int 86: 52-57, 2000
Juan Garcia FJ, Salvador S, Montoto A, Lion S, Balvis B, Rodriguez A, Fernandez M, Sanchez J. Intraurethral stentprosthesis in spinal cord injured patients with sphincter dyssynergia. Spinal Cord 37: 54-57, 1999
Shah NC, Foley SJ, Edhem I, Shah PJ. Use of Memokath temporary urethral stent in treatment of detrusor-sphincterdyssynergia. J Endourol 11: 485-488, 1997
Chancellor MB, Rivas DA, Abdill CK, Staas WE Jr, Bennett CJ, Finocchiaro MV, Razi S, Bennett JK, Green BG,Foote JE, Killorian RW. Management of sphincter dyssynergia using the sphincter stent prosthesis in chronicallycatheterized SCI men. J Spinal Cord Med 18: 88-94, 1995
Chancellor MB, Rivas DA, Abdill CK, Karasick S, Ehrlich SM, Staas WE. Prospective comparison of externalsphincter balloon dilatation and prosthesis placement with external sphincterotomy in spinal cord injured men. ArchPhys Med Rehabil 75: 297-305, 1994
Gudziak MR, Tiguert R, Puri K, Gheiler EL, Triest JA. Management of neurogenic bladder dysfunction withincontinent ileovesicostomy. Urology 54: 1008-1011, 1999
Atan A, Konety BR, Nangia A, Chancellor MB. Advantages and risks of ileovesicostomy for the management ofneuropathic bladder. Urology 54: 636-640, 1999
Schwartz SL, Kennelly MJ, McGuire EJ, Faerber GJ. Incontinent ileo-vesicostomy urinary diversion in the treatment oflower urinary tract dysfunction. J Urol 152: 99-102, 1994
Natsume O, Takahashi S, Yamamoto M, Momose H, Suemori T, Yamada K. Management of female neurogenicbladders caused by cervical spinal cord injuries
cutaneous vesicostomy. Acta Urol Jpn 36: 271-274, 1990
van Kerrebroeck PE, Koldewijn EL, Rosier PF, Wijkstra H, Debruyne FM. Results of the treatment of neurogenicbladder dysfunction in spinal cord injury by sacral posterior root rhizotomy and anterior sacral root stimulation. J Urol155: 1378-1381, 1996
Chartier-Kastler EJ, Mongiat-Artus P, Bitker MO, Chancellor MB, Richard F, Denys P. Long-term results ofaugmentation cystoplasty in spinal cord injury patients. Spinal Cord 38: 490-494, 2000
Sidi AA, Becher EF, Reddy PK, Dykstra DD. Augmentation enterocystoplasty for the management of voidingdysfunction in spinal cord injury patients. J Urol 143: 83-85, 1990
Sylora JA, Gonzalez R, Vaughn M, Reinberg Y. Intermittent self-catheterization by quadriplegic patients via acatheterizable Mitrofanoff channel. J Urol 157: 48-50, 1997
Waites KB, Canupp KC, DeVivo MJ, Lloyd LK, Dubovsky EV. Compliance with annual urologic evaluations andpreservation of renal function in persons with spinal cord injury. J Spinal Cord Med 18: 251-254, 1995
eMentalHealth.ca Suicide in Children and Youth: Guide for Parents When individuals are overwhelmed, whether by life stresses, orby conditions such as depression, they may turn to suicide as away of coping. And although it is scary, the good news is thatultimately the person is trying to cope. Family and friends areabsolutely critical, and can offer support in many ways, such asby spendin
T h e n e w e ng l a n d j o u r na l o f m e dic i n e The Decrease in Breast-Cancer Incidence in 2003 in the United States Peter M. Ravdin, Ph.D., M.D., Kathleen A. Cronin, Ph.D., Nadia Howlader, M.S., Christine D. Berg, M.D., Rowan T. Chlebowski, M.D., Ph.D., Eric J. Feuer, Ph.D., Brenda K. Edwards, Ph.D., and Donald A. Berry, Ph.D. age-adjusted incidence of breast cancer by an a