References

Albany College of Pharmacy
CITATION STYLE GUIDE
THE VANCOUVER STYLE…

Was first put forth by the978 and has
been adopted by biomedical publishers worldwide. Is it used primarily in health sciences and medicine. Below are the Library’s suggested formats and examples. For further information, please see: • International Committee of Medical Journal Editors.
• Patrias, Karen. Citing medicine: the NLM style guide for authors, editors, and publishers [Internet]. 2nd ed. Wendling, Daniel L., technical editor. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); 2007 [2008 Jan 11]. Available from: • American Medical Association manual of style: a guide for authors and editors. 9th ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 2007. [ACP Library REF WZ 345 A43 2007]
NOTE ►►► If you are working on a Humanities or Social Sciences paper, you may be required
to use Chicago, ALA, or MLA citation styles. Consult with your instructor.

YOUR REFERENCES SHOULD
• be cited consecutively in the order in which they appear in your paper, presentation, • be identified in text by superscript Arabic numbers1(e.g.). • avoid including “personal communication” unless it provides essential information not available from a public source, in which case the name of the person and date of communication should be cited in parenthesis in the text, and the author should obtain written permission and confirmation of accuracy from the source of communication. • list all authors/editors when six or less; when seven or more, list the first three and add • list authors with surnames first followed by first and middle initials (if available) • abbreviate journal titles in the format found at www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=journals PRINT MATERIALS
JOURNAL ARTICLES

Author(s). Article Title. Journal title abbreviated. Year of publication; volume
number(issue number):inclusive pages.

• Names of all authors should be given unless there are more than 6, in which case the names of the first 3 authors are used, followed by “et al.” • Abbreviations of journal titles conform to those found in the PubMed Journals database. To find journal abbreviation go to PubMed’s r in the full title and it will provide the abbreviated title.
Standard Journal Articles up to Six Authors
Rooney JP. Early thimerosal exposure and neuropsychological outcomes. N Engl J Med. 2008
Albany College of Pharmacy
CITATION STYLE GUIDE
Konstas AG, Kozobolis VP, Tsironi S, Makridaki I, Efremova R, Stewart WC. Comparison of the 24-hour intraocular pressure-lowering effects of latanoprost and dorzolamide/timolol fixed combination after 2 and 6 months of treatment. Ophthalmology. 2008 Jan;115(1):99-103. More than Six Authors
Lai CL, Gane E, Liaw YF, et al. Telbivudine versus lamivudine in patients with chronic hepatitis
B. N Engl J Med. 2007 Dec 20;357(25):2576-88.
No Author(s) listed
Holism and Complementary Medicine: Origins and Principles. Aust Nurs J. Aug 2006;14(2):25.

Letter to the Editor
. Internet drug access runs rampant [letter]. Anesth Analg. 2007
Dec;105(6):1868-9.

Published Abstract including Volume Supplement
Want LL, Ratner RE, Uwaifo GI. Safety and tolerability of long-term pramlintide therapy
[abstract]. Diabetes. 2004 June; 53 Suppl 2:A150.
Author(s). Title of book. Edition if not first. Place of publication: Publisher; Year of
publication.

Book with author(s)
Allen LV, Popovich NG, Ansel HC. Ansel’s pharmaceutical dosage forms and drug delivery
systems. 8th ed. Philadelphia (PA): Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2005.
Book with editor(s)
Katzung BG, ed. Basic and clinical pharmacology. 9th ed. New York (NY): Lange Medical
Books/McGraw-Hill; 2004.
Book with no author or editor
Physicians’ desk reference. 62nd ed. Montvale (NJ): Thomson PDR; 2008.
BOOK CHAPTERS

Author(s) of chapter. Title of chapter. In: Editor(s) of book. Title of book. Edition if not
first. Place of publication: Publisher; year: pages of book chapter.

Gonzalez FJ, Turkey RH. Drug Metabolism. In: Brunton LL, Lazo JS, Parker KL, editors.
Goodman and Gilman’s pharmacological basis of therapeutics. 11th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill : Medical Publishing Division; 2006: 71-92. PACKAGE INSERTS
Albany College of Pharmacy
CITATION STYLE GUIDE
Drug name [package insert]. Place of publication: Manufacturer; publication year.
Cialis [package insert]. Indianapolis, IN: Eli Lilly & C0; 2003.
UNPUBLISHED MATERIALS
See pages 59-62 of the AMA Manual of Style (ACP-REF WZ 345 .A43 2007) for information on citing unpublished meeting presentations and material accepted for publication but not yet published. Instructions on how to deal with “personal communications” or conversations can also be found on these pages. Or see at the National Library of Medicine’s ONLINE MATERIALS
Below you will find formats for citing different types of electronic information sources. You will often encounter electronic materials that do not give details for each element in the citation formats given here. In these cases, include as many as are possible for the specific electronic item you are referencing.


E-JOURNAL ARTICLES
This format is for journals that are published only online. Use the print article format for journals that have print equivalents.
Author(s). Article title. Abbreviated journal title [serial on the Internet]. Date of
publication [date of citation];volume number(issue number):[inclusive pages, approximate
number of pages, or approximate number of screens]. Available from: URL
Turner CJ, Ellis S, Giles J, et al. An introductory pharmacy practice experience emphasizing student-administered vaccinations. Am J Pharm Educ [serial on the Internet]. 2008 Jan [cited 2008 Jan 31]; 71(1):[about 10 p.]. Available from: . WEB PAGES

Author(s), if given. Title of specific item cited [Internet]. Year published [cited Year
abbreviated Month Day]. Available from: URL:

Hooper JF. Psychiatry & the Law: Forensic Psychiatric Resource Page [Internet]. 1999 [cited
2007 Feb 23]. Available from: http://bama.ua.edu/~jhooper/.
Albany College of Pharmacy
CITATION STYLE GUIDE

If no author can be found:
Complementary/Integrative Medicine [Internet]. 2007 [cited 2007 Feb 21]. Available from: .
Further information:
Determining the author:
If no author can be found: Locating place of publication: No place of publication can be found: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=citmed.box.60134 If no date of publication can be found: E-BOOK CHAPTERS

Stat!Ref collection, Harrison’s Online
Author(s) of chapter. Title of chapter. In: author(s)/editor(s) of book. Title of book,
edition [monograph on the Internet]. City of publication (state/country of publication):
Publisher; year of publication [cited date]. Available from: URL. subscription required to
view.

Mometasone furoate. In: McEvoy GK, editor. AHFS drug information 2007 [monograph on the
Internet]. Bethesda (MD): American Society of Health-System Pharmacists; 2007 [cited 2007
Aug 24]. Available from: http://online.statref.com. subscription required to view.
Linden CH, Burns MJ. Poisoning and Drug Overdosage. In: Kasper DL, Braunwald E, Fauci AS, et al, editors. Harrison’s principles of internal medicine, 16th ed. [monograph on the Internet]. New York (NY): The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.; 2004-2005 [cited 2007 Aug 24]. Available from. subscription required to view. DRUG INFORMATION DATABASES

These include the following resources: Clinical Pharmacology, Lexi-Comp, Micromedex, Natural
Medicines Comprehensive Database, and Natural Medicines.

Drug Name. In: Database title [database on the Internet]. Publication city (publication
state or country): Publisher. Year(s) of publication [updated year month day; cited year
month day]. Available from: URL. subscription required to view.
Albany College of Pharmacy
CITATION STYLE GUIDE

Clinical Pharmacology:
Tamoxifen. In: Clinical Pharmacology [database on the Internet]. Tampa (FL): Gold Standard; 2008 [updated 24 Oct 2006; cited 4 Feb 2008]. Available from: ubscription required to view.
Lexi-Comp

Lexi-Comp is a resource that makes multiple databases searchable using a single interface.
When referencing information found in Lexi-Comp, you must first determine in which database
the information appears (the database title is located at the top of the screen, just above the
drug name) then follow the format above.
Lexi-Comp databases include:
• AHFS Essentials (Adult and Pediatric) • Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Agent Exposures • Lab Tests and Diagnostic Procedures • Clinician's Guide to Diagnosis • Clinician's Guide to Internal Medicine • Clinician's Guide To Laboratory Medicine
Example:
Lorazepam. In: Lexi-Drugs Online [database on the Internet]. Hudson (OH): Lexi-Comp, Inc.;
2007 [cited 5 March 2008]. Available from: . subscription required to
view.
Micromedex:
Micromedex is a resource that makes multiple databases searchable using a single interface. When referencing information found in Micromedex you must first determine in which database the information appears. The database title is located at the top of the screen, just above the drug name.
Micromedex databases include:
• Detailed Drug Information for the Consumer Albany College of Pharmacy
CITATION STYLE GUIDE

Example:
Fluticasone. In: Drugdex [database on the Internet]. Greenwood Village (CO): Thompson Micromedex; 1974-2008 [cited 11 Nov 2007]. Available from: subscription required to view.
Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database
Folic Acid. In: Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database [database on the Internet]. Stockton (CA): Therapeutic Research Faculty; 1995-2008 [cited 19 October 2007] Available from: ubscription required to view.

Natural Standard
Aloe (Aloe vera). In: Natural Standard: the authority on integrative medicine [database on the
Internet]. Cambridge (MA): Natural Standard; 2008 [cited 5 February 2008]. Available from:
http://www.naturalstandard.com. subscription required to view. COCHRANE REVIEWS

Note: The Cochrane Library usually provide a ready-made citation at the top of each document.
Author(s). Review title. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews publication year, Issue number, Art. No:

Law SK, Li T. Acupuncture for glaucoma. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007, Issue 4. Art. No.:
CD006030. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006030.pub2.
Citation Style Guide Example of Use in a Paper
Below is an example of how the Citation Style Guide is used within a paper. Note the use
of superscript numbers to indicate when a reference was used within the paper.
Risk factors for meningococcal disease in college students
Neisseria meningitidis causes an estimated 2400 cases of invasive meningococcal disease
annually in the United States with a case fatality rate of 10% to 15%. 1 Meningococcal disease has traditionally been considered a disease of children; however, it is now a leading cause of both meningitis and sepsis in young adults.2 Since 1990, the number of meningococcal disease outbreaks has increased including on college campuses3 but outbreaks represent only 2% to 3% of overall meningococcal disease.4 Over the past 10 years, rates of meningococcal disease among adolescents and young adults have increased 5 while rates among college students were not available……
REFERENCES
1. Rosenstein NE, Perkins BA, Stephens DS. The changing epidemiology of meningococcal
disease in the United States. J Infect Dis 1999;180:1894-1901.
Albany College of Pharmacy
CITATION STYLE GUIDE
2. Schuchat A, Robinson K, Wenger J. Bacterial meningitis in the United States in 1995. N Engl J Med 1997;337:970-976. 3. Jackson LA, Schuchat A, Reeves MW, Wenger JD. Serogroup C meningococcal outbreaks in the United States. JAMA 1995;273:383-389. 4. Woods CW, Rosenstein N, Perkins BA. Neisseria meningitidis outbreaks in the United States, 1994-1997. Paper presented at: Infectious Diseases Society of America; November 12-15, 1998; Denver, Colo. Abstract 125Fr. 5. Martone WJ, Schaffner W, Collins Ml. The changing epidemiology of meningococcal disease in the US with emphasis on college health issues. The National Foundation for Infectious Diseases 1999;1-16.

Source: http://library.acphs.edu/PDFs/ACPHS%20Citation%20Style%20Guideline.pdf