1. Dr. G. Hirankumar 2. Dr. S. Selvasekarapandian 3. Dr. S. R. Srikumar 4. Dr. J. Malathi Project 1 Title of the proposal: Development of Advanced nano materials for thin film micro battery & its construction and characterization Investigators: G.Hirankumar, S. Selvasekarapandian, J. Malathi Total Cost : Rs. 2,49,80,000 Project 2 Title of the proposal: Room Temperature Oxygen sensor based on Fast Ion Conductor Investigators: S. Selvasekarapandian, G.Hirankumar, J. Malathi Total Cost : Rs. 46,50,000
Faculty/Scientists/Research Fellow Salary
Faculty
Total 1,74,00,000 Total Budget:
Project 1 Title of the proposal: Development of Advanced nano materials for thin film micro battery & its construction and characterization Investigators: G.Hirankumar, S. Selvasekarapandian, J. Malathi Summary:
Demand in high energy density lithium batteries for portable electronic devices
such as cell phones, laptops, there require new high energy cathode materials for the formation of lithium battery. Scientists and Researchers from all over the world are currently working for the development of high energy battery with good cycling behavior. The cathode materials LiCoO2, LiMn2O4, LiNiO2, LiSiO4 have been studied [1-2] well and its application in lithium battery is commercialized. After the invention of LiFePO4 olivine type cathode materials, research is focused on olivine phosphate structure materials. Among them, LiNiPO4, LiCoPO4, LiMnPO4 give high electrode redox potential, high capacity and good cyclability. The electrochemical characterization of these olivine structure cathode materials have been studied as bulk form. But, thin films of these materials have not yet been studied systematically. The usage of these cathode materials in micro battery formation needs suitable electrolyte with high oxidative potential towards cathode material. But from the literature, it is observed that the solid electrolyte with high oxidative potential is rare to find. Hence, it is proposed to develop a new solid electrolyte and its usage as thin film electrolyte in micro battery. It is expected that high voltage, high energy density thin film micro battery having thickness of less than 1 micron will be developed by in-situ pulsed laser deposition technique.
[1] A Patil, V Patil, D W Shin, J W Choi, D S Paik, S J Yoon Materials Research Bulletin 43 2008 1913 – 1942.
[2] S Q Wu, Z Z Zhu, Y Yang, Z F Hou Computational Materials Science (online 1 Oct’08)
Aim and Objectives of the project
The increasing importance of portable electronic devices requires an improvement
on battery systems. Scientists from all over world are still trying to identify new high voltage cathode materials for high energy batteries. Lot of conferences is planned by organizers from national and international level to discuss among scientists and researchers and for the development of new high voltage, high energy batteries. So, an attempt is to be made to develop high voltage, high energy thin film micro battery.
1. Development of nano LiXPO4 (X = Ni, Co, Mn, Fe) cathode materials by Hydro
2. Development of new solid electrolyte (Li3-xYPO4 (Y = rare earth, transition
metals) materials having high oxidative potential (>5.2 V) towards electrodes.
3. The prepared samples will be characterized by different experimental technique
such as impedance, cyclic voltammetry, charge discharge, XRD and SEM to optimize the composition for its suitability in micro battery.
4. Thin films of cathode and electrolyte will be prepared by pulsed laser technique
with different substrate temperature and different oxygen partial pressure.
5. These thin films will be characterized by cyclic voltammogram, charge discharge
technique, impedance spectroscopy and SEM to identify suitable film for battery applications.
6. Micro battery will be developed with suitable cathode and electrolyte material. 7. Thin film micro battery will be characterized for good performance.
The importance of the project
Environmental friendly, high energy, high capacity, good cyclability thin film
micro battery is to be developed. It will be useful to our society for the development new potable electronic devices and hence the miniaturization. Economic growth of the society will be increased.
Expected outcome of the project
High voltage, high energy density thin film micro battery will be
developed and characterized for good performance.
Detailed plan of action to achieve the objectives
1. Preparation of cathode materials LiXPO4 (X = Ni, Co, Mn,
Fe) by Hydrothermal method for different composition.
2. Preparation of new electrolyte material (Li3-xYPO4 (Y =
3. Characterization of cathode and electrolyte material will be
done by XRD and SEM for structural confirmation.
4. Impedance spectroscopy studies will be performed. 5. Electrochemical characterization, CV, Charge-Discharge
1. Thin film Micro battery will be developed by pulsed laser
deposition technique with different substrate temperature and different oxygen partial pressure.
2. Micro battery will be characterized by cv, charge discharge
Budget requirements
4,50,000 3,50,000 2,00,000 2,00,000 2,00,000
1,00,000 1,00,000 1,00,000 1,00,000 1,00,000
2,00,000 2,00,000 2,00,000 2,00,000 2,00,000
Other equipments needed: SEM, XRD, FTIR, Laser Raman
Project 2 Title of the proposal: Room temperature oxygen sensor based on fast ionic conductors Investigators: S. Selvasekarapandian, G. Hirankumar, J .Malathi Summary
Recently fluoride ion conducting materials such as LaF3, PbF2, CeF2, PbSnF4 are
found to be suitable for oxygen sensing at ambient temperatures [1-3]. The two major advantages that fluoride electrolytes offer over other ionic conductors are lower electronic conductivity and higher ionic conductivity at ambient temperatures. The fluoride ion conduction and their high sensitivity to molecular oxygen were used to fabricate an oxygen sensor. Of these ionic conductors lanthanum fluoride (LaF3) has the most manifest ion conduction and stability, hence it attracts as electrolyte material of preference [4]. Lanthanum fluoride has been used as a transducer material for the development electrochemical potentiometric sensors. The low mechanical strength of polycrystalline LaF3 material eliminates its use in construction of sensors. These drawbacks can be overcome by usage of lanthanum fluoride in thin film forms. . The use of thin film electrolytes reduces the internal impedance of the sensor and hence improves the response time and reduces the operating temperature of the sensor. During the thin Film formation LaF3 chemically reacts with oxide ions to form Lanthanum oxyfluoride. This is caused due to the similarity in size between the oxide ions and fluoride ion or oxide ion gets incorporated for fluoride ion or vacancy site in Lanthanum Fluoride. Hence the formation of Lanthanum oxyfluoride causes Fluoride ion vacancies and free Fluoride ions which gives rise to Fluoride ion conductivity and response rate of the sensor [5]. References:
1. J.H.Kennedy, J.C.Hunter, J.Electrochem.Soc.123 (1976) 10. 2. S.Matsubra, T.Tsutae, K.Nakamoto, I.Katayama, T.Iida, Mater.Trans.JIM 36
3. J.H.Lee, D.D.Lee, Sensors and Actuators B 46 (1998) 169. 4. J.Schoonman, G.Oversluizen, K.E.D.Wapenaar, Solid State Ionics 1 (1980)
5. M. Vijayakumar, S. Selvasekarapandian, T. Gnanasekaran, Shinobu Fujihara,
Shinnosuke Koji, Applied Surface Science 222 (2004) 125
Aim and Objectives of the project
Ion conducting materials commonly known as Solid Electrolytes or Superionic
Conductors find application in chemical sensors as transducers elements. In our laboratory we are working on Ion conducting materials which are suitable for rechargeable battery and sensors. Lanthanum Fluoride is well known F- ion conductor used in sensor development because of its high chemical stability and conductivity. In the present project it is proposed to develop superionic conductor based LaF3 and CeF3 oxygen sensor at room temperature
The importance of the project
The developed oxygen sensor based on fast ionic conductor will work at room
temperature. Detailed plan of action to achieve the objectives
¾ Preparation of thin film of LaF3, CeF3 and study its characteristics using
¾ Thin films are to be coated at different temperature and thickness.
Organization of work elements a) Technical work elements
Appointment of JRF. Purchase of chemicals Purchase of equipments
b) Administrative work elements
Getting administrative approval for the technical elements
Time schedule of activities giving milestones
I year plan
Appointment of JRF. Purchase of equipment and chemicals Preparation of thin films at different temperature and thickness. Structural Analysis: X – ray diffractometer Surface
II year plan
Electrical Analysis: Impedance, Vibrational Analysis: FTIR, Laser Raman NMR
III year plan
The configuration of the proposed oxygen sensor is shown below
The constructed sensor will be characterized and calibrated
Budget requirements
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The importance of the project