Eesti ravimistatistika 2006-2009, lk 30-34
Estonian Statistics on Medicines 2006-2009, pp. 30-34 Diabeediravimite kasutamine Eestis Use of Drugs used in Diabetes Endocrinologist, doctor of medicine, Endocrinology
Estonia has not been left untouched by the world-
puutumata jäänud ka Eesti. See kajastub
wide epidemic of diabetes. It is reflected in the
süstitavate ja suukaudsete diabeediravimite
increased use of both parenteral and oral drugs in
kasutamise statistikas. Insuliinide kasutamine
the treatment of diabetes. From 2000 to 2009, the
suurenes Eestis ajavahemikus 2000–2009 2,8
use of insulins increased 2,8 times in Estonia (4,8
korda (4,8 DPD/1000/ ööpäevas aastal 2000 ning
DDD/1000 inhabitants/day in 2000 and 13,4
13,4 DPD/ 1000/ööpäevas aastal 2009),
DDD/1000 inhabitants/day in 2009), the use of
oral antidiabetic drugs increased 2,1 times (10,7
suurenes 2,1 korda (10,7 DPD/1000/ööpäevas
DDD/1000 inhabitants/day in 2000 and 22,6
aastal 2000 ning 22,6 DPD/1000/ööpäevas aastal
DDD/1000 inhabitants/day in 2009). It cannot be
2009). Ei saa väita, et diabeedi levimus oleks
stated that the prevalence of diabetes during the
nimetatud ajavahemikul kasvanud üle 2 korra,
period had grown more than two times, instead
pigem on arstid järjest enam teadlikuks saanud
the doctors have become more aware of the
importance of good diabetes control to avoid
complications and thus have intensified the
Eesti Haigekassa andmetel sai 2009. aastal Eestis
According to the data of the Estonian Health
insuliinravi ligi 12 000 I tüüpi diabeediga ning
Insurance Fund almost 12 000 patients of the
umbes 17 000 II tüüpi diabeediga patsienti.
type 1 diabetes and about 17 000 patients of the
Väärib märkimist, et paarkümmend aastat tagasi
type 2 received insulin treatment in 2009. It is
Eestisse tulnud, tol ajal progressiivse, lühikese
worth mentioning that the intensiveness of the
use of the fast-acting human insulins in the
intensiivsus populatsioonis oli aastal 2009 0,1
population in 2009 was only 0,1 DDD/1000
DPD/1000/ööpäevas ehk 1,5 % lühikese
inhabitants/day or 1,5% of the diabetes patients
using fast-acting insulins. Majority of the patients
use synthetic insulin analogues as fast-acting
lühitoimelise insuliinina sünteetilisi (lispro-,
insulins (lispro, aspart, glulisine). Decreasing
aspart-, glulisiin-) insuliini analooge. Heaks
number of users of intermediate-acting human
insulin can be considered a good result (1,1
humaaninsuliini kasutajate vähenemine (2008.
DDD/1000 inhabitants/day in Estonia in 2008
aastal Eestis 1,1 DPD/1000/ööpäevas ning
and 4,8 DDD/1000 inhabitants/day on an average
in the Nordic countries2), the low share of their
DPD/1000/ööpäevas) ja madal osakaal, mis
use gives the patients more freedom to adjust
their eating habits and life-styles. Also, better
toitumise ja eluviisi korraldamisel. Samuti on
control of the disease is mostly attainable using
teiste insuliinide kasutamisega reeglina
2 To find the average DDD/1000 inhabitants/day in the
1 Põhjamaade võrdluses on kasutatud Islandi, Taani, Norra,
Nordic countries the data of Iceland, Denmark, Norway,
Rootsi ja Soome andmeid 2008. aastal. 2009. aasta
Sweden and Finland were used in 2008. The data of 2009
andmeid ei olnud kõik Põhjamaad kokkuvõtte koostamise
had not been published by all the Nordic countries by the
time the current summary was being compiled.
Eesti ravimistatistika 2006-2009, lk 30-34
Estonian Statistics on Medicines 2006-2009, pp. 30-34
saavutatav parem haiguse kompensatsioon.
other insulins. Among the comparison countries,
the highest use of insulins in total was in Finland
insuliinide kogukasutamine Soomes (2008. aastal
(27,1 DDD/1000 inhabitants/day in 2008; 13,1
27,1 DPD/1000/ööpäevas, Eestis 13,1 DPD/
DDD/1000 inhabitants/day in Estonia and 17,2
1000/ööpäevas ning ülejäänud Põhjamaades
DDD/1000 inhabitants/ day on an average in the
keskmiselt 17,2 DPD/1000/ ööpäevas), mida võib
rest of the Nordic countries), it can be explained
by a very high level of diabetes prevalence.
The use of oral drugs used in diabetes increased
Suukaudsete diabeediravimite kasutamine Eestis
2,1 times from the year 2000 to 2009 in Estonia.
aastatel 2000–2009 suurenes 2,1 korda. Kõige
Preparations containing metformin are most often
used both in Estonia and in the Nordic countries.
Põhjamaades metformiini sisaldavaid preparaate,
They made up 55,9% of all the oral drugs used in
diabetes in Estonia in 2008 and 53,4% on an
diabeediravimitest 2008. aastal Eestis vastavalt
average in the Nordic countries. Compared with
55,9% ning Põhjamaades keskmiselt 53,4%.
the Nordic countries, Estonia stands out by the
Võrdluses Põhjamaadega paistab Eesti silma
relatively high level of gliclazide use (3,3
suhteliselt kõrge gliklasiidi kasutamisega (2008.
DDD/1000 inhabitants/day in 2008 in Estonia
aastal Eestis 3,3 DPD/1000/ööpäevas ning Taanis
and 0,9 DDD/1000 inhabitants/day on an average
ja Islandil keskmiselt 0,9 DPD/1000/ööpäevas)
in Denmark and Iceland) and also by the decrease
of glibenclamide use by 93% from 2006 to 2009.
kasutamise vähenemisega 93% võrra. Suurim
The highest number of users of oral antidiabetic
suukaudsete ravimite kasutaja on Soome juba
drugs is in Finland for the reasons mentioned
eelpool nimetatud põhjusel. Võrreldes uuemate
above. Comparing the use of the newer groups of
ravimrühmade, dipeptüülpeptidaas 4 (DPP-4)
drugs, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors
inhibiitorite ja tiasolidiindioonide, summaarset
and thiazolidinediones in total, it is five times
kasutamist, siis on see Eestis 5 korda väiksem kui
lower than that in the Nordic countries (0,3
DDD/1000 inhabitants/day in Estonia and 1,5
DPD/1000/ööpäevas ja Põhjamaades keskmiselt
DDD/1000 inhabitants/day on an average in the
Kas diabeediravimite kasutamine Eestis on
We can ask is the use of antidiabetic medicines
piisav? Kasutades analüüsiks päevadooside
sufficient in Estonia? Using the data of defined
andmeid 1000 elaniku kohta ööpäevas ning
daily doses per 1000 inhabitants a day and
võrdlust Põhjamaadega on vastuseks jah, seda
comparing the results with the Nordic countries,
kindlasti insuliini kasutamise osas. Väiksem on
the answer is yes, especially concerning the use
Eestis uuemate suukaudsete diabeediravimite
on insulins. The use of newer oral drugs in
glitasoonide ja gliptiinide kasutamine. Täpsem
diabetes, glitazone and gliptine, is smaller in
analüüs diabeediravimite kasutamise piisavuse
Estonia. A more precise analysis concerning the
sufficiency of pharmacotherapy of diabetes
would demand a thorough study including for
elukvaliteedi jne laiemast analüüsist.
example the level of glycohaemoglobin, the frequency of complications and the quality of life of the patients with diabetes.
Eesti ravimistatistika 2006-2009, lk 30-34
Estonian Statistics on Medicines 2006-2009, pp. 30-34 Tabel 1. Diabeedi raviks kasutatavad ained 2006-2009 Table 1. Drugs used in diabetes 2006-2009 DPD/1000 inhabitants/day Relative change ATC group (%) DRUGS USED IN DIABETES 29,02 34,74 35,95 +3 INSULINS AND ANALOGUES 11,49 13,13 13,39 +2
A10AB Insulins and analogues for injection,
A10AC Insulins and analogues for injection,
A10AD Insulins and analogues for injection,
A10AE Insulins and analogues for injection,
BLOOD GLUCOSE LOWERING 17,54 21,61 22,56 +4 DRUGS, EXCL. INSULINS
A10BD Combinations of oral blood glucose
Eesti ravimistatistika 2006-2009, lk 30-34
Estonian Statistics on Medicines 2006-2009, pp. 30-34 Insuliinide (A10A) kasutamine 2000-2009 Consumption of insulins (A10A) 2000-2009
Insulins and analoguesfor injection, long-acting (A10AE)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Vere glükoosisisaldust vähendavate ainete (A10B) kasutamine 2000-2009 Consumption of blood glucose lowering drugs (A10B) 2000-2009
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
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